Entry Part of
speech
Definition Plural Verb
1st present
Verb
3rd past
Verb
3rd present habitual
Verb
2nd imperative
Verb
3rd infinitive
Sentence
rrd
ᎠᏯᎠ
ayaa
ạyạɁa
vi He is inside

ᏥᏯᎠ
tsiyaa
tsịyạɁa
ᎤᏯᎡᏍᏛᎢ
uyaesdvi
uyạɁesdv²³Ɂi
ᎠᏯᎣᎢ
ayaoi
ạyạɁo³Ɂi
ᎯᏯᎡᏍᏗ
hiyaesdi
hịyạɁesdi
ᎤᏩᏍᏗ
uwasdi
uwasdi
… ᏂᎯᏍᎩᏂ ᎡᏥᎦᏔᎭ, ᎢᏤᎳᏗᏙᎭᏰᏃ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᏥᏯᎡᏍᏗ.
[ᏣᏂ 14:17]
… and ye know him, because he doth remain with you, and shall be in you.

Initial Prefixes
YI
JI
WI
NI
DE
DA
DI
I
GA
E


SUBJECT
1SG ᏥᏯᎠ
tsiyaa
2SG ᎯᏯᎠ
hiyaa
3SG ᎠᏯᎠ
ayaa
1DLINCL ᎢᏂᏯᎠ
iniyaa
1DLEXCL ᎣᏍᏗᏯᎠ
osdiyaa
1PLINCL ᎢᏗᏯᎠ
idiyaa
1PLEXCL ᎣᏥᏯᎠ
otsiyaa
2DL ᏍᏗᏯᎠ
sdiyaa
2PL ᎢᏥᏯᎠ
itsiyaa
3PL ᎠᏂᏯᎠ
aniyaa

* disclaimer - conjugations may be incorrect - they are for potential reference only

Show/Hide Transliteration

Present tense: actions that are ongoing in the present moment.
Present tense is constructed by adding appropriate prefixes to the present tense verb stem. The verb stem is the verb root plus the tense suffix along (either -a or -i for present tense) with changes to the root caused by sound juxtapositions.
To find the present tense stem, remove the prefixes from the "Verb 1st present" entry. Unless there are other pre-pronominal prefixes required for this verb (like w(i)-, d(a)-, or n(i)-), those prefixes are either:
  • For "set A" verbs: g- (before stems beginning in a vowel), ji- (before stems beginning in a consonant), or jiya- (when there is an animate object receiving the action of the verb).
  • For "set B" verbs: agw- (before stems beginning in a vowel) or agi- (before stems beginning in a consonant).
  • Jiy- or jiya- (when there is an animate object (like a person) receiving the action of the verb).
    Thus, the basic present tense is:
    *pronominal prefixes + verb root (along with sound changes) + present tense suffix (a or i)
    (*plus any obligatory pre-pronominal prefixes required for this specific verb, like w(i)-, d(a)-, or n(i)-).
    Additional prefixes and suffixes can be added to modify the meaning of most verbs. Explanations of these can be found in the following resources:
    Feeling, Durbin. 1975. Cherokee-English dictionary. ed. by William Pulte. Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma.
    Montgomery-Anderson, Brad. 2015. Cherokee Reference Grammar. University of Oklahoma Press.