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Entry |
Part of speech |
Definition |
Plural |
Verb 1st present |
Verb 3rd past |
Verb 3rd present habitual |
Verb 2nd imperative |
Verb 3rd infinitive |
Sentence |
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ᎦᏰᎭ
gahyeha
ga¹hyeha
|
vt |
He is holding it (a solid)
|
|
ᏥᏰᎭ
tsiyeha
tsi¹Ɂyeha
|
ᎤᏰᎮᏍᏛᎢ
uhyehesdvi
u¹hyehesdv²³Ɂi
|
ᎦᏰᎰᎢ
gahyehoi
ga¹hyeho³Ɂi
|
ᎯᏰᎮᏍᏗ
hihyehesdi
hi¹hyehesdi
|
ᎤᏰᎮᏍᏗ
uhyehesdi
u¹hyehesdi
|
ᎾᏂᎥᏰᏃ ᎤᏅᏒ ᏚᎾᎵᏅᏫᏍᏗᏕᎬ ᎠᏂᏰᎮᏍᏗ.
[ᎨᎴᏏᏱ 6:5]
for each one his own burden shall bear.
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SUBJECT
|
OBJECT
|
1SG |
2SG |
3SGAN |
3SGIN |
1DLINCL |
1DLEXCL |
1PLINCL |
1PLEXCL |
2DL |
2PL |
3PLAN |
3PLIN |
1SG |
|
ᎬᏰᎭ gvyeha |
ᏥᏰᎭ tsiyeha |
ᏥᏰᎭ tsiyeha |
|
|
|
|
ᏍᏛᏰᎭ sdvyeha |
ᎢᏨᏰᎭ itsvyeha |
ᎦᏥᏰᎭ gatsiyeha |
ᏕᏥᏰᎭ detsiyeha |
2SG |
ᏍᎩᏰᎭ sgiyeha |
|
ᎯᏰᎭ hiyeha |
ᎯᏰᎭ hiyeha |
ᏍᎩᏂᏰᎭ sginiyeha |
|
|
ᎢᏍᎩᏰᎭ isgiyeha |
|
|
ᎦᎯᏰᎭ gahiyeha |
ᏕᎯᏰᎭ dehiyeha |
3SG |
ᎠᎩᏰᎭ agiyeha |
ᏥᏰᎭ tsiyeha |
ᎦᏰᎭ gayeha |
ᎦᏰᎭ gayeha |
ᎩᏂᏰᎭ giniyeha |
ᎣᎩᏂᏰᎭ oginiyeha |
ᎢᎩᏰᎭ igiyeha |
ᎣᎩᏰᎭ ogiyeha |
ᏍᏗᏰᎭ sdiyeha |
ᎢᏥᏰᎭ itsiyeha |
ᏕᎩᏰᎭ degiyeha |
ᏕᎩᏰᎭ degiyeha |
1DLINCL |
|
|
ᎡᏂᏰᎭ eniyeha |
ᎢᏂᏰᎭ iniyeha |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ᎨᏂᏰᎭ geniyeha |
ᏕᏂᏰᎭ deniyeha |
1DLEXCL |
|
ᏍᏛᏰᎭ sdvyeha |
ᎣᏍᏗᏰᎭ osdiyeha |
ᎣᏍᏗᏰᎭ osdiyeha |
|
|
|
|
ᏍᏛᏰᎭ sdvyeha |
ᎢᏥᏰᎭ itsiyeha |
ᎪᏍᏗᏰᎭ gosdiyeha |
ᏙᏍᏗᏰᎭ dosdiyeha |
1PLINCL |
|
|
ᎡᏗᏰᎭ ediyeha |
ᎢᏗᏰᎭ idiyeha |
|
|
|
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|
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ᎨᏗᏰᎭ gediyeha |
ᏕᏗᏰᎭ dediyeha |
1PLEXCL |
|
ᎢᏨᏰᎭ itsvyeha |
ᎣᏥᏰᎭ otsiyeha |
ᎣᏥᏰᎭ otsiyeha |
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|
|
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|
|
ᎪᏥᏰᎭ gotsiyeha |
ᏙᏥᏰᎭ dotsiyeha |
2DL |
ᏍᎩᏂᏰᎭ sginiyeha |
|
ᎡᏍᏗᏰᎭ esdiyeha |
ᏍᏗᏰᎭ sdiyeha |
|
ᏍᎩᏂᏰᎭ sginiyeha |
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ᎢᏍᎩᏰᎭ isgiyeha |
|
|
ᎨᏍᏗᏰᎭ gesdiyeha |
ᏕᏍᏗᏰᎭ desdiyeha |
2PL |
ᎢᏍᎩᏰᎭ isgiyeha |
|
ᎡᏥᏰᎭ etsiyeha |
ᎢᏥᏰᎭ itsiyeha |
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ᎢᏍᎩᏰᎭ isgiyeha |
|
|
|
|
ᎨᏥᏰᎭ getsiyeha |
ᏕᏥᏰᎭ detsiyeha |
3PL |
ᎬᎩᏰᎭ gvgiyeha |
ᎨᏥᏰᎭ getsiyeha |
ᎠᏂᏰᎭ aniyeha |
ᎠᏂᏰᎭ aniyeha |
ᎨᎩᏂᏰᎭ geginiyeha |
ᎪᎩᏂᏰᎭ goginiyeha |
ᎨᎩᏰᎭ gegiyeha |
ᎪᎩᏰᎭ gogiyeha |
ᎨᏍᏗᏰᎭ gesdiyeha |
ᎨᏥᏰᎭ getsiyeha |
ᏓᏂᏰᎭ daniyeha |
ᏓᏂᏰᎭ daniyeha |
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* disclaimer - conjugations may be incorrect - they are for potential reference only
Show/Hide Transliteration
Present tense: actions that are ongoing in the present moment.
Present tense is constructed by adding appropriate prefixes to the present tense verb stem. The verb stem is the verb root plus the tense suffix along (either -a or -i for present tense) with changes to the root caused by sound juxtapositions.
To find the present tense stem, remove the prefixes from the "Verb 1st present" entry. Unless there are other pre-pronominal prefixes required for this verb (like w(i)-, d(a)-, or n(i)-), those prefixes are either:
For "set A" verbs: g- (before stems beginning in a vowel), ji- (before stems beginning in a consonant), or jiya- (when there is an animate object receiving the action of the verb).
For "set B" verbs: agw- (before stems beginning in a vowel) or agi- (before stems beginning in a consonant).
Jiy- or jiya- (when there is an animate object (like a person) receiving the action of the verb).
Thus, the basic present tense is:
*pronominal prefixes + verb root (along with sound changes) + present tense suffix (a or i)
(*plus any obligatory pre-pronominal prefixes required for this specific verb, like w(i)-, d(a)-, or n(i)-).
Additional prefixes and suffixes can be added to modify the meaning of most verbs. Explanations of these can be found in the following resources:
Feeling, Durbin. 1975. Cherokee-English dictionary. ed. by William Pulte. Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma.
Montgomery-Anderson, Brad. 2015. Cherokee Reference Grammar. University of Oklahoma Press.