Entry Part of
speech
Definition Plural Verb
1st present
Verb
3rd past
Verb
3rd present habitual
Verb
2nd imperative
Verb
3rd infinitive
Sentence
ced
ᎠᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᎭ
adadolisdiha
a¹da²do²³li³²sdị²ha
vi he's praying

ᎦᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᎭ
gadadolisdiha
gạ²da²do²³li³²sdị²ha
ᎤᏓᏙᎵᏍᏔᏅᎢ
udadolistanvi
u¹da²do²³li³²stạ²nv²³Ɂi
ᎠᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᏍᎪᎢ
adadolisdisgoi
a¹da²do²³li³²sdi²sgo³Ɂi
ᎭᏓᏙᎵᏍᏓ
hadadolisda
hạ²da²do²li¹sda
ᎤᏓᏙᎵᏍᏙᏗ
udadolisdohdi
u²da²do²³li³²sdoh²di
ᏦᎢ ᎢᏳᏩᎩᏗ ᎠᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᏍᎪ ᏏᎦ.
Joi iyuwakdi adadolisdisgo siga.
He prays three times a day.

Initial Prefixes
YI
JI
WI
NI
DE
DA
DI
I
GA
E


SUBJECT
1SG ᎦᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᎭ
gadadolisdiha
2SG ᎭᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᎭ
hadadolisdiha
3SG ᎠᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᎭ
adadolisdiha
1DLINCL ᎢᎾᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᎭ
inadadolisdiha
1DLEXCL ᎣᏍᏓᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᎭ
osdadadolisdiha
1PLINCL ᎢᏓᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᎭ
idadadolisdiha
1PLEXCL ᎣᏣᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᎭ
otsadadolisdiha
2DL ᏍᏓᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᎭ
sdadadolisdiha
2PL ᎢᏣᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᎭ
itsadadolisdiha
3PL ᎠᎾᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗᎭ
anadadolisdiha

* disclaimer - conjugations may be incorrect - they are for potential reference only

Show/Hide Transliteration

Present tense: actions that are ongoing in the present moment.
Present tense is constructed by adding appropriate prefixes to the present tense verb stem. The verb stem is the verb root plus the tense suffix along (either -a or -i for present tense) with changes to the root caused by sound juxtapositions.
To find the present tense stem, remove the prefixes from the "Verb 1st present" entry. Unless there are other pre-pronominal prefixes required for this verb (like w(i)-, d(a)-, or n(i)-), those prefixes are either:
  • For "set A" verbs: g- (before stems beginning in a vowel), ji- (before stems beginning in a consonant), or jiya- (when there is an animate object receiving the action of the verb).
  • For "set B" verbs: agw- (before stems beginning in a vowel) or agi- (before stems beginning in a consonant).
  • Jiy- or jiya- (when there is an animate object (like a person) receiving the action of the verb).
    Thus, the basic present tense is:
    *pronominal prefixes + verb root (along with sound changes) + present tense suffix (a or i)
    (*plus any obligatory pre-pronominal prefixes required for this specific verb, like w(i)-, d(a)-, or n(i)-).
    Additional prefixes and suffixes can be added to modify the meaning of most verbs. Explanations of these can be found in the following resources:
    Feeling, Durbin. 1975. Cherokee-English dictionary. ed. by William Pulte. Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma.
    Montgomery-Anderson, Brad. 2015. Cherokee Reference Grammar. University of Oklahoma Press.