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Entry |
Part of speech |
Definition |
Plural |
Verb 1st present |
Verb 3rd past |
Verb 3rd present habitual |
Verb 2nd imperative |
Verb 3rd infinitive |
Sentence |
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ᎠᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ
adelohosga
a¹de²lọ²ho²sga
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vt |
he's finding it out
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ᎦᏕᎶᎣᏍᎦ
gadeloosga
gạ²de²lọ²Ɂo²sga
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ᎤᏕᎶᎰᏒᎢ
udelohosvi
u¹de²lọ²ho²sv²³Ɂi
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ᎠᏕᎶᎰᏍᎪᎢ
adelohosgoi
a¹de¹lọ²ho²sgo³Ɂi
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ᎭᏕᎶᎰᎯ
hadelohohi
hạ²de²lọ²ho²³hi
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ᎤᏕᎶᎰᎯᏍᏗ
udelohohisdi
u²de²lọ²ho²hị³sdi
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ᎤᏕᎶᎰᏒ ᎠᏥᎶᏄᎡᏍᎬᎢ.
Udelohosv ajilonuesgvi.
He found out that he was being cheated.
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SUBJECT
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OBJECT
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1SG |
2SG |
3SGAN |
3SGIN |
1DLINCL |
1DLEXCL |
1PLINCL |
1PLEXCL |
2DL |
2PL |
3PLAN |
3PLIN |
1SG |
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ᎬᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gvyadelohosga |
ᏥᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ tsiyadelohosga |
ᎦᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gadelohosga |
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ᏍᏛᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ sdvyadelohosga |
ᎢᏨᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ itsvyadelohosga |
ᎦᏥᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gatsiyadelohosga |
ᏕᎦᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ degadelohosga |
2SG |
ᏍᏆᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ squadelohosga |
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ᎯᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ hiyadelohosga |
ᎭᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ hadelohosga |
ᏍᎩᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ sginadelohosga |
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ᎢᏍᎩᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ isgiyadelohosga |
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ᎦᎯᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gahiyadelohosga |
ᏕᎭᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ dehadelohosga |
3SG |
ᎠᏆᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ aquadelohosga |
ᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ tsadelohosga |
ᎠᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ adelohosga |
ᎦᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gadelohosga |
ᎩᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ ginadelohosga |
ᎣᎩᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ oginadelohosga |
ᎢᎦᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ igadelohosga |
ᎣᎦᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ ogadelohosga |
ᏍᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ sdadelohosga |
ᎢᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ itsadelohosga |
ᏕᎦᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ degadelohosga |
ᏕᎦᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ degadelohosga |
1DLINCL |
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ᎡᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ enadelohosga |
ᎢᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ inadelohosga |
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ᎨᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ genadelohosga |
ᏕᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ denadelohosga |
1DLEXCL |
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ᏍᏛᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ sdvyadelohosga |
ᎣᏍᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ osdadelohosga |
ᎣᏍᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ osdadelohosga |
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ᏍᏛᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ sdvyadelohosga |
ᎢᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ itsadelohosga |
ᎪᏍᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gosdadelohosga |
ᏙᏍᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ dosdadelohosga |
1PLINCL |
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ᎡᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ edadelohosga |
ᎢᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ idadelohosga |
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ᎨᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gedadelohosga |
ᏕᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ dedadelohosga |
1PLEXCL |
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ᎢᏨᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ itsvyadelohosga |
ᎣᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ otsadelohosga |
ᎣᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ otsadelohosga |
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ᎪᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gotsadelohosga |
ᏙᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ dotsadelohosga |
2DL |
ᏍᎩᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ sginadelohosga |
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ᎡᏍᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ esdadelohosga |
ᏍᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ sdadelohosga |
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ᏍᎩᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ sginadelohosga |
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ᎢᏍᎩᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ isgiyadelohosga |
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ᎨᏍᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gesdadelohosga |
ᏕᏍᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ desdadelohosga |
2PL |
ᎢᏍᎩᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ isgiyadelohosga |
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ᎡᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ etsadelohosga |
ᎢᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ itsadelohosga |
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ᎢᏍᎩᏯᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ isgiyadelohosga |
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ᎨᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ getsadelohosga |
ᏕᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ detsadelohosga |
3PL |
ᎬᏆᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gvquadelohosga |
ᎨᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ getsadelohosga |
ᎠᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ anadelohosga |
ᎠᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ anadelohosga |
ᎨᎩᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ geginadelohosga |
ᎪᎩᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ goginadelohosga |
ᎨᎦᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gegadelohosga |
ᎪᎦᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gogadelohosga |
ᎨᏍᏓᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ gesdadelohosga |
ᎨᏣᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ getsadelohosga |
ᏓᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ danadelohosga |
ᏓᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎦ danadelohosga |
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* disclaimer - conjugations may be incorrect - they are for potential reference only
Show/Hide Transliteration
Present tense: actions that are ongoing in the present moment.
Present tense is constructed by adding appropriate prefixes to the present tense verb stem. The verb stem is the verb root plus the tense suffix along (either -a or -i for present tense) with changes to the root caused by sound juxtapositions.
To find the present tense stem, remove the prefixes from the "Verb 1st present" entry. Unless there are other pre-pronominal prefixes required for this verb (like w(i)-, d(a)-, or n(i)-), those prefixes are either:
For "set A" verbs: g- (before stems beginning in a vowel), ji- (before stems beginning in a consonant), or jiya- (when there is an animate object receiving the action of the verb).
For "set B" verbs: agw- (before stems beginning in a vowel) or agi- (before stems beginning in a consonant).
Jiy- or jiya- (when there is an animate object (like a person) receiving the action of the verb).
Thus, the basic present tense is:
*pronominal prefixes + verb root (along with sound changes) + present tense suffix (a or i)
(*plus any obligatory pre-pronominal prefixes required for this specific verb, like w(i)-, d(a)-, or n(i)-).
Additional prefixes and suffixes can be added to modify the meaning of most verbs. Explanations of these can be found in the following resources:
Feeling, Durbin. 1975. Cherokee-English dictionary. ed. by William Pulte. Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma.
Montgomery-Anderson, Brad. 2015. Cherokee Reference Grammar. University of Oklahoma Press.